Mountain Bike vs. Gravel Bike: Differences Explained by Expert
As someone with experience with mountain and gravel bikes, I am qualified to compare their differences, benefits, and disadvantages in an easy-to-understand form. After reading this article, you will understand how they differ, where they excel, and their weaknesses. Additionally, I will share my experience and tips to help you choose the right bike type for your needs.
KEY TAKEAWAY
Mountain bikes and gravel bikes differ primarily in their handlebars. Gravel bikes have drop bars, while mountain bikes have flat handlebars. Additionally, mountain bikes have a more relaxed geometry and are equipped with a suspension fork, which makes them more comfortable on rough terrain. However, they are not as fast as gravel bikes on smooth, paved roads. Keep reading to learn more about the differences between these two bike types.
- Technical Specifications
- Mountain Bikes Overview
- Gravel Bikes Overview
- Features Comparison
- Conclusion
- Mountain Bikes vs. Gravel Bikes FAQ
Technical Specifications
Here are the main differences between road, gravel, hybrid, and mountain bikes.
Feature | Road Bikes | Gravel Bikes | Hybrid Bikes | Mountain Bikes
————- | ———- | ———— | ———— | ————–
Geometry | Endurance or performance-oriented | Endurance or performance-oriented | Usually endurance, sometimes performance-oriented | Usually more upright
Suitable for | Paved roads | Paved, gravel, dirt, or forest roads | Paved, gravel, dirt, or forest roads | All types of terrains
Unsuitable for | Most terrains except paved roads | MTB-like terrain | MTB-like terrain | Paved roads
Versatility | Low | Good | Great | Great
Gearing | 2X (sometimes 1X) | 1X or 2X (sometimes 3X) | 3X or 2X (sometimes 1X) | 1X or 2X (sometimes 3X)
Suspension | No suspension | Sometimes front suspension, occasionally suspension seat post | Sometimes front suspension | Front suspension, rear suspension
Brakes | Disc or rim | Usually disc brakes | Disc or rim | Disc or rim
Maneuverability | Good | Good | Great | Great
Relative comfort | Bad | Bad | Good | Great
Handlebars | Dropped | Dropped | Flat or curved | Flat
Tyres | Narrow | Narrow or wide | Narrow or wide | Wide
Wheels diameter | 700c | 650b, 700c | 700c, 26″ | 26″, 27.5″, 29″
I hope this helps!
Mountain Bikes Overview
Mountain bikes, or MTBs, are highly versatile on various terrains. Together with gravel bikes, they are considered the most adaptable type of bike. One example of a mountain bike is the YOELEO XC19.
The versatility of these bikes comes from their vast, high-volume tires and front (and sometimes rear) suspension. They are suitable for terrains such as trails, single tracks, and forest roads but can also be used on paved roads. However, reaching the same speed as a gravel bike may require more effort.
Hardtail mountain bikes only have a suspension fork, while full-suspension MTBs have rear suspension. The high-volume tires and suspension contribute to a more comfortable ride, even on bumpy roads.
To summarize, here is a quick overview of the pros and cons of MTBs.
Pros:
– Mountain bikes are versatile and can handle various terrains thanks to the wide tires.
– They come with a suspension fork and rear suspension, making them more suitable for rough terrain and more comfortable to ride.
Like road bikes, Mountain bikes do not require as much body flexibility.
Cons:
– Mountain bikes are slower, especially on paved surfaces.
– They are less aerodynamic due to their heavier weight.
Gravel Bikes Overview
Gravel bikes are a type of road bike that can be ridden on various surfaces, such as paved roads, gravel roads, forest paths, and dirt tracks. The primary reason for their versatility is the wider tire clearance and tires. Gravel bikes designed for lighter terrain usually have 700c wheels, while those intended for rougher terrain have 650b wheels.
Gravel bikes allow you to ride fast on paved roads while also enabling you to explore other surfaces. Some gravel bikes even come with a suspension fork, which enhances the riding experience by providing extra comfort.
Unlike mountain bikes, gravel bikes use drop bars. A few models come with broader drop bars for better leverage when riding out of the saddle.
Gravel Bike Pros
Here are some of the advantages of these versatile bicycles:
– They are suitable for various terrains thanks to their wider tire clearance and tires.
– They are faster, lighter, and more aerodynamic than mountain bikes.
– They can have a suspension fork or post to absorb shocks and provide a smoother ride.
– They can have a wider drop handlebar for more leverage when riding out of the saddle.
– They are compatible with fenders, panniers, and additional bottle cages, making them more practical for various uses.
Gravel Bike Cons
– Entry-level gravel bikes are more expensive than entry-level MTBs.
– They require more body flexibility, making them less accessible for some riders.
– They are not suitable for rough terrain, limiting the type of riding that can be done.
– They may not be as comfortable as other types of bikes.
Features Comparison
Now, let me compare the two types of bikes in more detail.
Geometry and Riding Position
Mountain bikes are designed with a relaxed geometry that provides better stability and handling. The slacker head angle and lower bottom bracket contribute to this feature. However, the geometry of mountain bikes can differ based on the type of MTB. The basic categorization of mountain bikes is cross-country, trail, enduro, and downhill. Downhill MTBs have more extended fork travel to absorb large jumps and bumps, and they push the rider’s center of gravity to the rear to tackle steep descents. The following table displays the fork travel of different MTB types, which influences the bike’s geometry.
Type of Mountain Bike Suspension Travel
Cross-country bikes travel 90-120mm, while downhill bikes travel 180-200mm. Choose the right type based on your preferred terrain.
Gravel bikes are almost like road bikes but with more relaxed geometry. Gravel bikes have a lower stack and longer reach to accommodate wider tire clearance. Despite this, their geometry is more complex than mountain bikes, which means you’ll be in a more aerodynamic and faster riding position. However, some people may find the riding position of gravel bikes challenging if they need to be more flexible.
Wheels & Tires
Bikes designed for gravel and mountain biking have different wheels and tires, but the differences are insignificant. Mountain bikes have 26″, 27.5″ or 29″ wheels that come with wide, knobby, high-volume tires. In general, these tires have a width that ranges from 1.9″ to 2.5″. However, some fat tire bikes have tires that can go up to 5″ in width. The wider tires allow you to ride on almost any terrain with ease.
When comparing 26″, 27.5″ and 29″ wheels, it’s important to note that smaller wheels provide faster acceleration and better agility. However, they are less stable and comfortable than larger wheels.
Gravel bikes, on the other hand, use 700c or 650b wheels. The choice of tires depends on the terrain you want to ride on. Refer to the table below for more information.
Grade Definition Suggested Tire Size
According to Cycling Tips, different types of terrain require different tire sizes. For tarmac and bad paved roads with cobbles, tire sizes of 700×25 to 700×32 are recommended. For dirt roads, 700×28 to 700×35 tires are suggested. Light gravel requires tires of 700×32 to 700×38, whereas rough stone requires tires of 700×35 to 700×40+. For MTB terrain, 700×38+ or 650b tires are recommended.
Using high-volume tires allows for lower tire pressure, improving riding comfort.
Gearing
Mountain bikes have evolved to include 1X drivetrains, which are lighter, easier to use, and require less maintenance than their 2X or 3X counterparts. However, entry-level and beginner mountain bikes typically come with 2X or 3X drivetrains. It’s worth noting that 3X MTBs can have more parts prone to malfunction, so it’s not the best choice.
Gears are essential for mountain bikers who face steep climbs, and riding in the saddle is crucial to maintain good traction. The table compares the significant manufacturers (Shimano, SRAM) and mountain bike groupsets, ranging from entry-level to pro. Gravel bikes feature either 1X or 2X drivetrains; those for rougher terrain come with 1X drivetrains, while those for lighter terrain come with 2X. Some gravel bikes have gravel-specific groupsets like Shimano GRX, SRAM XPLR, or Campagnolo Ekar. These groupsets have easier gears that enable tackling steep climbs while remaining in the saddle.
Shimano SRAM Campagnolo Type
Here is a comparison of the types of gravel bike groupsets (ranging from entry-level to pro) offered by major manufacturers such as Shimano, SRAM, and Campagnolo. The entry-level groupset is GRX 10spd, which is mechanical. For mid-range, there are options like GRX 11spd, Force XPLR eTap (electronic), and Ekar, all of which are mechanical. The pro-level groupset options include GRX Di2 11spd, RED XPLR eTap, and other similar electronic groupsets. It’s worth noting that many people use road bike groupsets as well.
Level Shimano SRAM Campagnolo Type
The following compares road bike groupsets from significant manufacturers, including Shimano, SRAM, and Campagnolo. The groupsets range from entry-level to pro and are classified into mechanical and electronic types.
Entry-level groupsets include Claris and Sora from Shimano, while Tiagra has an Apex model for its mechanical groupset.
Mid-range groupsets include the 11-speed and 12-speed models of Shimano 105. The latter is available in both mechanical and electronic (Di2) versions. SRAM Rival and Rival eTap AXS are also mid-range groupsets. Campagnolo’s Centaur is a mechanical groupset.
Moving up to the pro level, Shimano has Ultegra Di2, while SRAM has Force eTap AXS. Campagnolo’s Chorus is a mechanical groupset.
Shimano has Dura-Ace Di2 at the highest level, while SRAM has RED eTap AXS. Campagnolo has a Super Record for mechanical and electronic (EPS) groupsets.
Should you get a 1X or 2X groupset on a gravel bike?
When choosing between a 1X and 2X groupset, your decision should be based on the terrain you plan to ride on. If you’ll be riding on roads or light gravel, a 2X groupset is better because it offers more complex gears. However, if you plan to ride off-road, it’s best to choose a 1X chainring as it provides easier gears better suited for such terrain.
Brakes
Mountain and gravel bikes typically come equipped with disc brakes, although some beginner mountain bikes may still have rim brakes. Disc brakes are composed of a front and rear brake system, while rim brakes are lighter but less effective, mainly when used with carbon mountain bike wheels. Disc brakes offer better-stopping power, but they are also more expensive. There are two types of disc brakes: mechanical and hydraulic. While hydraulic brakes are more expensive, they are also more convenient. If you are on a budget, it’s worth saving for quality brakes, as they are one of the most crucial components for both bike types. In wet conditions, disc brakes are more effective than rim brakes.
Suspension
We can distinguish two mountain bike types regarding their suspension:
- Hardtail mountain bikes (only front suspension)
- Full-suspension mountain bikes (front and rear suspension)
A mountain bike with front suspension
A full-suspension mountain bike
Hardtail MTBs are lighter and provide more efficient power transfer. However, they won’t allow you to ride as technical terrain as complete suspension bikes.
Those also provide a whole new level of riding comfort. I remember the first time when I experienced the difference. It was mindblowing.
MTB front suspension
Gravel bikes are usually rigid. But some have a suspension fork, seatpost, or even rear suspension.
Manufacturers offer their customers ways to make their rides more comfortable.
Only you decide whether or not these features are a costly gimmick or a must-have feature.
I like simplicity and low weight on bikes. What about you?
Frame Materials
Mountain bikes and gravel bikes predominantly feature frames made of aluminum or carbon. Steel and titanium frames are rare.
Aluminum is an affordable and lightweight material that’s ideal for entry-level bikes. It’s often found on beginner mountain bikes and budget gravel bikes.
Carbon, on the other hand, is stiffer and lighter but also more expensive. It can absorb more vibrations, leading to a more comfortable ride. Carbon frames are more prevalent on high-end mountain bikes and gravel bikes.
Ultimately, the choice of frame material depends on your budget. You can refer to my article on bike frame materials for more information.
Accessories
Mountain bikes are less accessories-friendly than gravel bikes.
Gravel bikes have mounts for accessories like two or more bottle cages, panniers, etc.
Gravel bikes are better if you are into multiday bike adventures. But it depends on your preference and the things you want to take.
You can equip a mountain bike with many accessories, but gravel bikes are more convenient.
Conclusion On Mountain Bike vs. Gravel Bike: Differences Explained by Expert
Mountain and gravel bikes are versatile and suitable for various terrains. While mountain bikes are designed mainly for off-road terrain, gravel bikes perform well on paved and unpaved roads. When deciding between a gravel and mountain bike, it is essential to consider your riding style, location, and flexibility. Both bike types offer an enjoyable riding experience. Check out my other articles for more information if you prefer gravel bikes.
Mountain Bikes vs. Gravel Bikes FAQ
Should you buy a mountain bike or a gravel bike?
If you plan to ride on rough terrain, getting a mountain bike is better. They come with suspension, wide knobby tires, and geometry that make them ideal for such conditions. On the other hand, gravel bikes are more suited for rides that involve both paved and unpaved roads.
What’s the difference between a gravel bike and an adventure bike?
Adventure bikes, a subcategory of gravel bikes, are designed for longer trips and are compatible with accessories like fenders and panniers. They have a more relaxed geometry for a comfortable, upright riding position.
What’s the difference between a gravel bike and a cyclocross bike?
Gravel bikes and cyclocross (CX) bikes have some key differences. CX bikes have more aggressive geometry and narrower tire clearance, almost like road bikes, but with broader, knobby tires. On the other hand, gravel bikes are better suited for adventures due to their comfort and compatibility with additional accessories.
CX bikes almost exclusively use 1X chainrings to avoid chain drops during races. Their gears are also more challenging than 1X gravel bikes, which can use MTB-like cassettes.
Is a gravel bike more comfortable than a mountain bike?
Mountain bikes are more comfortable than gravel bikes thanks to their suspension, high-volume tires, and relaxed geometry.
Is a gravel bike better than a mountain bike?
Gravel bikes are faster, lighter, and more aerodynamic than mountain bikes, making them ideal for roads, light gravel, dirt, and forest roads. With better suspension and broader, knobby tires, mountain bikes are better for rough terrain.
Why are gravel bikes faster than mountain bikes?
Gravel bikes are faster than mountain bikes on paved roads due to their more aerodynamic riding position. Mountain bikes are better for technical and challenging terrains as their suspension system absorbs bumps and obstacles for a smoother ride.
Is a gravel bike good for long rides?
Yes. Gravel bikes are excellent for long rides because of their riding comfort, accessories compatibility, and relatively high speed on various surfaces, allowing you to cover long distances.
Can you use your gravel bike on the road?
Absolutely! Thanks to the more aero riding position, you will also be faster than on a mountain bike.
Can you use a gravel bike as a mountain bike?
Gravel bikes have limits without suspension. Consider terrain and skill. Mountain bikes are better for rocks.
Can gravel bikes go on trails?
Gravel bikes are trail-compatible, but check if your motorcycle and skills suit the trail.
